Rhythm Sticks: How to Fix Your Two Left Feet

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I love this post from the Institute of Children’s Literature’s E-News editor, Jan Fields. about writing with rhythm. It breaks down the basics and if you know the basics, you can build from there.

Have You Got Rhythm?

All speech has rhythm. Rhythm is just the natural pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables. Humans are naturally drawn to rhythm. Our heartbeat sets our entire lives to a regular rhythm. Children love rhythm. Give a couple sticks to a 10-year-old and he will certainly end up beating out a rhythm on the nearest surface (after he is done playing sword fight, of course). Long before babies can speak or even understand, some can  sway to a strong rhythmic beat in music. So it is no surprise that the rhythm
in your verse is very important.

The difference between the rhythm in verse and the rhythm in ordinary writing is that verse rhythm has a discernable and regular pattern. Normal speech will often fall into a discernable pattern for a sentence of two, but it does not stay regular.

Because long patterns of  verse can be broken down into its individual units, these units
have been given names. The basic unit of rhythm in a verse is called a foot. Let’s look at some different kinds of feet.

An Iambic Foot has an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed:
di-LUTE
con-SULT
A Trochaic Foot has a  stressed syllable followed by an unstressed:
TRO-phy
KI-osk
In a  Spondaic Foot, both syllables are stressed, like beating a drum two hard  beats:
BLACK BEAR
RED CHAIR
In an Anapestic foot, you have two  unstressed, followed by a stressed:
to con-FRONT
to con-FUSE
There are lots of kinds of feet and you can write lovely verse without knowing the  names of any of them. But you do need to know the nature of them. These feet come together to form lines of verse. And the lines of verse have a clearly discernible pattern. Once you choose the rhythmic pattern for your poem, you  should stay in that pattern throughout, unless you have good reason for changing.

After reading an excellent guide to determining meter in verse posted on a message board by J. L. Bell, I tinkered with his steps a little to best suit my style (and isn’t that what we always do when we learn something new for our writing?) Let’s try applying this step-by-step approach to a few lines of verse to see if we can determine the
pattern of meter in a verse I’ve begun:
I’m tired of winter’s mucky mush
I’m tired of feeling cold
I  long for springtime’s virgin blush
And gardens full of gold.

What is the rhythm pattern for this bit of verse? Some people can judge the rhythm by  clapping while they read it aloud or patting it out on their leg, automatically clapping or patting on the stressed syllable. Some of us cannot. For the meter  impaired, there is a
process you can go through.

(1) For any word over one syllable, simply look them up in the dictionary and see.
I’m tired of WINter’s MUCKy slush
I’m tired of FEELing cold
I long for SPRINGtime’s VIRgin blush
And GARden’s full of gold.

(2) Now, we still have quite a few short words, which of those should be stressed? We tend to stress verbs (other than being verbs) so we have:
I’m TIRED of WINter’s MUCKy slush
I’m  TIRED of FEELing cold
I LONG for SPRINGtime’s VIRgin blush
And GARden’s full of gold.

(3) Although we do usually stress verbs, we normally don’t stress being verbs, and small words or connecting words…thus, I’m, of, for,  and would not be stressed. But our last five longer words – slush, cold, blush, full and gold have sufficient importance to the poem, and sufficient length to be stressed. Thus, if we look at the stressed and unstressed syllables in the poem we have:
I’m TIRED of WINter’s MUCKy SLUSH
I’m TIRED of FEELing COLD
I LONG for SPRINGtime’s VIRgin BLUSH
And GARden’s FULL of GOLD.

Thus this little rhyme is made up of a pattern of unstressed/stressed/unstressed/stressed – clearly iambic feet. And the pattern 
 of stressed syllables per line is:
I’m tired of winter’s mucky slush (four stressed)
I’m tired of feeling cold (three stressed)
I long for springtime’s virgin blush (four stressed)
And garden’s full of gold. (three stressed)

If I add more verses, I would want to continue this pattern of iambic feet with 4-3-4-3 stresses per line. Editors expect your poetry to scan, to have a consistent meter that follows a pattern. Most poets write by “ear” and for some, this is an innate talent. For others, they may think they have an ear for meter, but find that their poetry is rejected again and again. If you’re suffering repeat rejections — give your poetry a little meter exam. Be sure each poem does have a pattern and that the pattern is used consistently.
If you deviate from the pattern, be sure you do so purposefully so that the
reader gets a sense that the poem sounds different because it needs to
dramatically. Meter can be a bucking bronco for new poets but breaking that
horse is essential to making the sale. You may write by ear but developing
poetry pitch takes time. In the meanwhile, take the time to give your meter a
check-up. You’ll be glad you did!


Get your application ready: ON THE VERGE EMERGING VOICES AWARD

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I’ve shamelessly lifted the full description of this amazing award opportunity. It’s your job to submit!
 
The SCBWI is  dedicated to fostering the emergence of diverse voices in children’s books. The SCBWI On-The-Verge Emerging Voices Award was established in 2012 with funding from Martin and Sue Schmitt of the 455 Foundation. The grant will be given to two writers or illustrators who are from an ethnic and/or cultural background that is traditionally under-represented in children’s literature in America.

Eligibility: 
Any writer or writer/illustrator from an ethnic and/or cultural background that is traditionally under-represented in children’s literature in America.
(American Indian, Asian, Black or African American, Hispanic, Pacific Islander)  
 
The manuscript must be an original work written in English for young readers and may
not be under contract.  The applicant must over 18, be unpublished and should not yet have representation.

Award: 
Two writers or writer/illustrators will each receive an all-expense paid trip to the SCBWI Winter Conference in New York, a press release to publishers, a year of free membership to SCBWI, and an SCBWI mentor for a year.

Deadline:
Deadline for submission is November 15, 2013.  The winners will be announced December 15, 2013 and the award presented at the 2014 SCBWI Winter Conference in New York. 

Application Procedure:

All applications will be accepted via email only between September 15th and November
15th at Voices@scbwi.org and must include the following:

In the body of the e-mail:
1. An autobiographical statement and career summary in less than 250 words.
2. Why your work will bring forward an underrepresented voice in less than 250 words.
3. A synopsis of your manuscript in less than 250 words. 

Attached to the e-mail:
4. A PDF of your entire manuscript. 
If the manuscript is not complete, it is not eligible.

When your work is published the author/illustrator should include in the acknowledgement “This book was made possible in part by a grant from SCBWI”

The 2012 On-The-Verge Emerging Voices Award Winners:

Mary Louise Sanchez
The Wind Called My Name – The story of a Hispanic
family in the 1930s in the Southwest.  
Sandra Headen
Cato’s Last Home Run – A book about the historic Negro Baseball League.
Alex Brown
Astral – A science fiction novel written by a young bi-racial woman from Tennessee.

http://www.scbwi.org/Pages.aspx/On-The-Verge-Emerging-Voices-Award


Write Michigan Short Story Contest!

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Here is information on a great writing contest for my Michigan friends…

On behalf of the Write Michigan committee, I am delighted to announce the Second Annual Write Michigan Short Story ContestWrite Michigan is a statewide writing contest featuring $250 cash prizes for Judges’ and Readers’ Choice winners in each age category. Judges’ Choice runners-up receive $100. The top five stories in each category will be published in the 2014 Write Michigan Anthology. The Write Michigan Short Story Contest allows entries from Michigan residents in three age categories: 
·  Youth, free submission  for ages 11 and under, 
·  Teen, free submission for ages 12-17, and 
·  Adult, $10 submission fee for ages 18 and up. 

Short story submissions will be accepted online at WriteMichigan.org until November 30, 2013.  Stories will be reviewed by librarians and booksellers to determine the  semifinalists. The top ten semifinalists’ stories will be available for judges and public review via the website in January 2014. Winners will be announced on February 3. The Awards Ceremony, featuring author Kristina Riggle (a Kentwood native) will be Saturday, March 22, 2014 at the Kentwood (Richard L. Root) branch of KDL where copies of the 2014 anthology will be sold.

For details on how to submit a story, please review the Contest Guidelines. For complete information on the contest, visit www.writemichigan.org. For inspiration, we
suggest reading the
2013 Write Michigan Anthology, available from Chapbook Press for $14.95. The second annual Write Michigan Short Story contest is offered by Kent  District Library, Schuler Books &  Music, Pooh’s Corner and Capital Area District
Libraries
.

Please consider sharing this information with your staff, friends, family, neighbors,  kids’ English teachers and library customers, especially any writers groups who may  be meeting in your facility! Posters and fliers for Write Michigan can be printed from the media kit
here. Last year we received 551 short story submissions from 155 unique Michigan zip codes. Many of the entrants indicated they heard about the contest from their local public library so we really appreciate  your effort to help spread the word to aspiring authors.

Thank You!

Heidi Nagel  
Communications Manager, Kent District Library


SCBWI-MI Fall 2013 Re-VISION Retreat Filling Up Fast!

PictureTransformations Spirituality Center

Wouldn’t you love to spend a weekend here? You can if you sign up for the SCBWI-MI Fall 2013 Revision Retreat. There are very few spaces left in an intimate retreat designed to move your picture book or novel to the next stage in development. Two tracks are offered: picture book revision lead by author Audrey Vernick and novel revision lead by author and freelance editor Deborah Halverson. Peer and faculty critiques are an important part of the retreat. The deadline for manuscript submission for critiques is August 15 so DO NOT DELAY!

Want a Fresh Story? Do This.

PictureFRESH IS BEST

Kathy Temean shares some great tips from Emma Coats who compiled nuggets of narrative wisdom she received over the years working as a storyboard artist for the animation Pixar studio. 

 1: You admire a character for trying more than for their successes.

 2: You gotta keep in mind what’s interesting to you as an audience, not what’s fun to do as a writer. They can be very different.

3: Trying for theme is important,  but you won’t see what the story is actually about til you’re at the end of it.  Now rewrite.

4: Once upon a time there was  ___. Every day, ___. One day ___. Because of that, ___. Because of that, ___.  Until finally ___.

5: Simplify. Focus. Combine characters. Hop over detours. You’ll feel like you’re losing valuable stuff but it sets you free.

6: What is your character good at, comfortable with? Throw the polar opposite at them. Challenge them.  How do they deal?

7: Come up with your ending before you figure out your middle. Seriously. Endings are hard, get yours working up front.

8: Finish your story, let go even if it’s not perfect. In an ideal world you have both, but move on. Do better next time.

9: When you’re stuck, make a list of what WOULDN’T happen next. Lots of times the material to get you unstuck will show up.

10: Pull apart the stories you  like. What you like in them is a part of you; you’ve got to recognize it before you can use it.

11: Putting it on paper lets you start fixing it. If it stays in your head, a perfect idea, you’ll never share it with anyone.

12: Discount the 1st thing that  comes to mind. And the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th – get the obvious out of the way.  Surprise yourself.

13: Give your characters opinions. Passive/malleable might seem likable to you as you write, but it’s poison to the audience.

14: Why must you tell THIS story?  What’s the belief burning within you that your story feeds off of? That’s the heart of it.

15: If you were your character, in this situation, how would you feel? Honesty lends credibility to unbelievable situations.

16: What are the stakes? Give us reason to root for the character. What happens if they don’t succeed? Stack the odds against.

17: No work is ever wasted. If  it’s not working, let go and move on – it’ll come back around to be useful later.

18: You have to know yourself:  the difference between doing your best & fussing. Story is testing, not refining.

19: Coincidences to get characters into trouble are great; coincidences to get them out of it are cheating.

20: Exercise: take the building blocks of a movie you dislike. How would you rearrange them into what you DO like?

21: You gotta identify with your situation/characters, can’t just write ‘cool’. What would make YOU act that way?


22: What’s the essence of your story? Most economical telling of it? If you know that, you can build out from there.

Emma Coats is a freelance director of films, boarder of story, and sometime public speaker. http://storyshots.tumblr.com/


Mentorship Opportunity for Picture Book Writers from Michigan!!

PictureBoni Ashburn

You know how I love mentorships and you can’t get a better opportunity than this…

SCBWI-MI proudly announces the 2014 Mentorship Program for Fiction Picture Books. This is a competition and the Grand Prize is a 12 month mentorship with acclaimed Michigan writer, Boni Ashburn, author of six fiction picture
books including, Hush, Little Dragon, Over at the Castle, I Had a Favorite Dress, Builder Goose: It’s Construction Rhyme Time, and forthcoming The Fort That Jack Built. The competition is open to a pre-published Michigan resident who is a current member of SCBWIFor more details about the mentorship program and the application form, click here.  Please note: the submission deadline is August 5, 2013

Disclosure: Boni is a friend of mine and I’m already jealous of the winner. ðŸ˜‰
  


 A 2FER: revision and voice

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A writer friend, Shutta Crum, shared a great post today that I will pass along for two reasons:

1. to see if you fall into the trap of “ya, butting” when provided with a critique of your work (note: you should not!), and
 
2. to see a perfect example of “voice.” I don’t know the author Keith Cronin but I sure feel I do after reading his post.

Without further ado, here is your 2FER for today (dare you to say that 10 times fast!): http://writerunboxed.com/2013/07/09/two-words-writers-should-avoid/?utm_sour

Enjoy and let me know what you think.


Shameless Plug for SCBWI (Society for Children’s Book Writers and Illustrators)

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Let’s say you REEEAAALY want to write and/or illustrate a children’s book but after getting the idea, and maybe starting to put it on paper, you don’t know what the next steps should be. Whenever I’m quizzed on this topic, my first recommendation (aside from patting yourself on the back!) is to join the Society for Children’s Book Writers and Illustrators (SCBWI). It is simply the best community to learn, grow, connect, and move your dream to reality.

If you are still trying to decide whether to join, read this great post at Ink and Angst  http://inkandangst.com/gate-crashers-ask-why-scbwi-2013/ and you’ll get it.

Whatchawaitin’ for?


What’s all this about “Show Don’t Tell?”

PictureWatch out for exclamatory cows!

Writers are admonished to “show don’t tell” all the time. I’ve heard that concept described more ways than there are changes in the weather where I live. But this quick description from the Institute of Children’s Literature RX really sunk in:  

Show don’t tell involves more than images…it is about immediacy. Whenever you’re revealing action right in the moment, you are showing and that’s definitely a big part of picture books. The IMAGES are the gift of the illustrator but there is far more to a picture book and far more to showing than visuals.

Picture books and beginning readers are a mix of
showing and  telling just like all the other forms of writing…they just leave out the visuals because someone else carries that burden. 

Any time you are portraying a specific moment of story time, you are showing. When you talk in generalizations, you are most often telling.

Insert comment from Carrie: “Oh! It is really that simple?”

Fast forward to May 27, 2020 and I’m updating this timeless post with a new short video by picture book author and creator of the 12 x 12 Program, Julie Hedlund. The video is about how to tell the difference between showing and telling, and the role of telling in picture books. Julie has a way of cutting to the important stuff and this video will help solidify Show and Tell concepts. Go ahead and check it out. I’ll wait…

Hi! Are you back? Here’s one more example of showing and telling:

As with ANY story, picture books are a mix…For instance (from WHERE THE WILD THINGS ARE), “The night Max wore his wolf suit [showing, specific story moment, it wasn’t just any night…it was the specific night when he wore his wolf suit…] and made mischief of one kind and another [telling, we back away and generalize the badness by  compressing time with a generalization], his mother called him “Wild Thing!” [showing, specific moment where his mother spoke] and Max said “I’ll eat you up!” [showing, specific moment when Max spoke] so he was sent to bed without eating anything [telling as it compresses time by not giving us the quote where the mom actually spoke and sent him to bed without supper]

Hope this helps you think about showing and telling and how each are needed in picture books.